The new, safer nuclear reactors that might help stop climate change
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/612940/the-new-safer-nuclear-reactors-that-might-help-stop-climate-change/The new, safer nuclear reactors that might help stop climate change
From sodium-cooled fission to advanced fusion, a fresh generation of projects hopes to rekindle trust in nuclear energy.
by Leigh Phillips February 27, 2019
BP might not be the first source you go to for environmental news, but its annual energy review is highly regarded by climate watchers. And its 2018 message was stark: despite the angst over global warming, coal was responsible for 38% of the worlds power in 2017precisely the same level as when the first global climate treaty was signed 20 years ago. Worse still, greenhouse-gas emissions rose by 2.7% last year, the largest increase in seven years.
Such stagnation has led many policymakers and environmental groups to conclude that we need more nuclear energy. Even United Nations researchers, not enthusiastic in the past, now say every plan to keep the planets temperature rise under 1.5 °C will rely on a substantial jump in nuclear energy.
If the current situation continues, more nuclear power plants will likely close and be replaced primarily by natural gas, causing emissions to rise, argued the Union of Concerned Scientistshistorically nuclear skepticsin 2018. If all those plants shut down, estimates suggest, carbon emissions would increase by 6%.
At this point, the critical debate is not whether to support existing systems, says Edwin Lyman, acting director of the UCSs nuclear safety project. A more practical question is whether it is realistic that new nuclear plants can be deployed over the next several decades at the pace needed.