The first five books of the Hebrew testament (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy) are collectively referred to as The Torah, and authorship is traditionally ascribed to Moses. The "law" passages are mostly in Leviticus and Deuteronomy, and it is from these two books that folks quote the prohibitions against same sex sexual relations. (Curiously, it only describes male but not female same sex sexual relations.)
It's important to note that the word that has come down to us in 21st Century English as "abomination" was originally understood to mean "against our custom." That is, in the centuries between the writing down and the present translation, the language has become much stronger than the original. One theory about that is that the keepers of the sacred writings wanted to reinforce and legitimize their own point of view against same sex relations, and I think that's probably accurate.
When theologians talk about an abomination, this is usually understood as one of the strongest divine condemnations against whatever is being abominated. But the original language is quite a bit milder, indicating a difference in custom or societal norms, rather than any divine disapproval. Something like opening your presents on Christmas Eve or Christmas morning. There's no agreement on the One True Gift Opening Practice, and families do pretty much as they please without running afoul of the divine temper.
There are whole books written about the Torah, and the meaning of all the laws and rules and purity practices set down. It should perhaps not be surprising to consider that for a people coming out of slavery, structure and order were necessary to help establish a new society. Think of the Morgan Freeman character in "The Shawshank Redemption." After he's been in prison for most of his adult life, adjusting to life on the outside is problematical. He's not even accustomed to going to the bathroom when he wants without first checking in with his manager at the supermarket.
In the Christian Testament, there is a paucity of references to same sex practices or relationships. In his magnum opus, the Epistle to the Romans, Paul lays out a series of terrible, horrible sins in the first chapter, which includes an oblique reference to what sounds like same sex sexual relationships. In his second chapter, however, Paul contrasts those terrible, horrible sins that his intended audience condemns with the even worse sins he knows his audience has committed. Which is to say, that as bad as his audience thinks the chapter 1 list is, they've done even worse. A classic case of "whenever you point your finger at someone else, three fingers are pointing back at you."
The other popularly cited Christian testament passage is from 1 Corinthians, and a Greek word that the English translators under King James in the 17th century decided was best rendered as “effeminate,” and came to be regarded as a reading against “unmanly” homosexual men (again, women weren’t included). This translation influenced scholars and theologians for a long time. Probably the fairest thing to say about the Corinthians verse is that its meaning is in dispute or uncertain; hardly a basis for making a conclusory judgment about people.
Christians come in all stripes, and some of them require a very authoritarian structure. From what I've seen of Kim Davis (for example), she craves a very black-and-white, manichean universe where good and evil contend for supremacy. She's been on her own prior to her conversion with her present congregation, and she didn't do so very well. Now she's in a much more controlled environment, which is to her liking. She gets definite instruction on what's right and what's wrong, and she is comforted by the assurance that if she does certain things in certain ways, God will be pleased with her, and God will favor her. In addition, the congregation around her supports and reinforces those ideas. Gray areas and ambiguities are not only discouraged, but regarded as evil, tools of the dark side.
One of those gray areas concerns human sexuality. Researchers and scholars find the field to be rife with uncertainties, and differences within populations, and even within persons as they age or as their social circumstances change. An area of study that many people find fascinating because of the wide spectrum of experience, others find confusing and frightening. After all, as they understand it, God has condemned this range in the strongest possible terms, and even trying to figure it out puts this person in existential peril. It's best for them to just repeat what they believe, and not risk it.
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and that included women as well as gay men. He's in the NT and is quoted frequently by religious phobes.
