Were the First Artists Mostly Women?
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/10/131008-women-handprints-oldest-neolithic-cave-art/
Though I'd add as a caveat that the hand stencils are the paleolithic art form we know the least about, particularly what if any relationship they had with the animal paintings -- due to the vagueness of the dates we can assign, we don't know if they were painted on the same day or thousands of years earlier or later. Also, I think then as now, you'll never quite get a scientific explanation for why anyone creates art...
Archaeologist Dean Snow of Pennsylvania State University analyzed hand stencils found in eight cave sites in France and Spain. By comparing the relative lengths of certain fingers, Snow determined that three-quarters of the handprints were female.
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Archaeologists have found hundreds of hand stencils on cave walls across the world. Because many of these early paintings also showcase game animalsbison, reindeer, horses, woolly mammothsmany researchers have proposed that they were made by male hunters, perhaps to chronicle their kills or as some kind of "hunting magic" to improve success of an upcoming hunt. The new study suggests otherwise.
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"Hand stencils are a truly ironic category of cave art because they appear to be such a clear and obvious connection between us and the people of the Paleolithic," said archaeologist Paul Pettitt of Durham University in England. "We think we understand them, yet the more you dig into them you realize how superficial our understanding is."
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Snow ran the numbers through an algorithm that he had created based on a reference set of hands from people of European descent who lived near his university. Using several measurementssuch as the length of the fingers, the length of the hand, the ratio of ring to index finger, and the ratio of index finger to little fingerthe algorithm could predict whether a given handprint was male or female. Because there is a lot of overlap between men and women, however, the algorithm wasn't especially precise: It predicted the sex of Snow's modern sample with about 60 percent accuracy.