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In a monarchy, the power of the monarch is checked by the nobility, who typically share a say in the administrative functions of the kingdom, and especially within the regions they govern themselves.
As an example: In England, the nation was broken into various dukedoms ruled by various dukes (Cornwall, York, Cumberland, etc). The throne was typically held by the family that held the most powerful dukedom, so they'd be "King of England and Duke of Whatever" (this has changed a bit in recent times, obviously). Still, the kings rule over the lands of his dukes was predicated on the OTHER dukes supporting him. All of his decisions were checked by the fact that he only actually controlled the army from his own dukedom, and that any wide scale fighting would require that the dukes (with THEIR independent armies) go along with him. For most of history, this was generally effective in keeping kings in check.
In a dictatorship, all government functions and armies are subservient to the will of the single leader. The leader answers to nobody, and the only threat against his rule is coup.
North Korea is a hereditary dictatorship.
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