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It's impossible to make any claim about the "Canadian system" because there is no one system in Canada. Each province and territory runs its own insurance plan for its residents.
And, for coverage outside of Canada you have differentiate between people who are sent from Canada to another country for treatment, and those who become sick while outside Canada and need medical care while they are abroad.
The Ontario Health Insurance Plan (OHIP) has a website where they indicate the following about coverage outside of Canada:
OHIP will pay only for insured, emergency out-of-country health services that are rendered to an insured person. To qualify as an ‘emergency’ there are a number of criteria that must be satisfied. These criteria are set by regulation and all conditions listed below must be met:
the treatment must be medically necessary, and the treatment must be performed at a licensed hospital or licensed health facility, and the treatment must be rendered in relation to an illness, disease, condition or injury that : is acute and unexpected, and arose outside of Canada, and requires immediate treatment. These conditions are intended and designed to provide a very limited amount of funding for the medical treatment of insured residents of Ontario if they incur an injury or develop a disease while they are outside of Canada. If the illness, disease, condition or injury arises before you leave Canada, or if it is not acute or unexpected, no payment can be made. ********* end of website ****************
Additionally, OHIP will only pay the same rate that they would have paid if the treatment had been performed in Ontario. If the actual cost is higher than what would be reimbursed in Ontario, the patient is responsible for the difference.
For this reason, Canadians are encouraged to purchase "out of country" health insurance when traveling abroad.
When a Canadian is sent outside of Canada for immediately necessary treatment because there is no treatment available in Canada, then arrangements with OHIP are normally made to cover it 100%. But, when Canadians are traveling outside of Canada and they suddenly need medical care, then it is not normally covered 100%, hence the need for out of country insurance.
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