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the following happened:
--the rational, scientific, civil culture of the Roman Empire, which had long since ceased to be a true Republic, came to end, in 415 A.D., with the death of Hypatia, who was head of the Alexandria Library, and a great teacher and scientist; she was skinned alive by a mob of Christian monks under the direction of the Christian bishop of Alexandria, named Cyril, the first of the bishops to call himself a "patriarch"; when Rome failed to punish this foul deed, Roman law and order was effectively over, the great city and library, the center of learning and tolerance in the ancient world, where all religious and other scholars were welcome (and where EVERYONE's sacred, literary and scientific texts were housed, protected and copied) fell into decay, and mob rule by intolerant Christians prevailed (the Jews, for instance, who were among the great scholars of the library, were driven from Alexandria and their property confiscated);
--Cyril went on to become a "father of the church" (he is today a "saint" in the Catholic lexicon--that is, he is presumed to be with God in Heaven), and was, among other things, the chief instigator of the violence and intolerance among the other bishops at the Council of Ephesus (think Tom Delay, Karl Rove and Newt Gingrich all wrapped up in one, with sword in hand); the bishops were fighting over "doctrines" having to do with the nature of Christ (God or man?) and whether or not his mother's hymen remained in tact when she bore him (was she a virgin inseminated by God?).
--You get the trend--mere men, sinners and criminals, trying to decide what everyone else must believe--and, what had been religious belief beginning to be used as a tool of those who wanted power over others (religious belief and civil law becoming one entity). In this context, the bishops decided to pull together the various Christian documents that supported the most violent and authoritarian (and anti-female) among them, into one compendium (later known as the "New Testament") in which all must believe; they excluded many of the earliest Christian documents, burned those texts, and persecuted those who held them to contain the truest teachings of Christ. (Someone managed to bury some of these earlier Christian texts, sealed into jars in a cave in the Nag Hammadi desert near Alexandria, where they remained for 1,500 years--recently discovered and published, and known informally as the Gnostic Gospels, the most fascinating of which is the Gospel of Mary, in which Mary Magdalen is the head of the Apostles).
--these 5th century "patriarchs" also cocked up an item called "the Nicene Creed"--a statement of beliefs about there being one true Father God who conceived a Son in a human woman, Mary, without breaking her hymen (a virgin) in a miraculous combo of "God" and "man"--and began to enforce this "doctrine" on everyone else; you either believed it, obediently and loudly, or you were anathematized and persecuted; at the same time, all "pagan" worship was forbidden, and numerous statues, temples, and works of art and literature were destroyed, especially those that had to do with the Mother Goddess. The Gnostics, the earliest Christians, worshiped both God the Father and God the Mother, and had great kinship with, and were probably allied with, "pagan" neo-Platonic philosophers like Hypatia, who counted some of the Christian bishops among her pupils, notably, Bishop Sinesius of Ptolemais, whose letters to Hypatia survive; all her works were burned, after she was murdered, along with the magnificent collection of scrolls at the library--all the wisdom and learning of the ancient world going back to the Greeks and including texts from the far east. All gone.
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These are the origins of Christian fanaticism, and the insistence on the Bible as "the word of God." It came from men who persecuted others for their more learned and liberal beliefs, and who were stepping into the vacuum of power left by the fall of the Roman Empire, in order to create a monolithic institution, devoted to the worship of the male principle to the near exclusion of the female--an institution with which to rule over others ON EARTH by claiming to provide the exclusive pathway to God, Heaven and eternal happiness. They severely edited "the Bible" (early Christian documents) to suit their purposes, for instance, expunging all references to Mary Magdalen as Christ's chosen leader (as depicted in the EARLIEST-dated gospel, the Gospel of Mary).
There is ample room for belief in Christ and Christ's teachings in this story, if you understand the crime that these early "fathers of the church" committed, of creating an earthly, monopolistic, monolithic, male-worshiping, property-accumulating, power-mongering church around simple, pure teachings, like "love thy neighbor." It's kind of amazing, really, how the light of this great teacher, Jesus, manages to shine through, in the gospel stories that survive, despite every effort to extinguish it. The "church fathers" built a church on "the rock of Peter" (which I am convinced was inserted into the story, and put in Jesus' mouth, at that time, the 5th century--it's nothing he would have said), instead of creating a community based on "love thy neighbor."
The "church"--as with all things human--is a mixed bag of good and evil. It included people like St. Francis, who loved all creatures with a simple and beautiful passion, and St. Cyril, who committed one of the foulest deeds in ancient history, and directed the early church away from all things holy and worthy of devotion--such as love of learning, delight in the great variety of human cultures and beliefs, and large-minded respect for the great masculine/feminine power of the cosmos that created us all.
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