http://www.chron.com/disp/story.mpl/metropolitan/4043611.htmlJuly 13, 2006, 1:08AM
State rule sought on doctors, new abortion laws
An official asks if physicians can be criminally charged for performing banned procedures
By JANET ELLIOTT
Copyright 2006 Houston Chronicle Austin Bureau
AUSTIN - Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott has been asked to rule whether laws passed in 2003 and 2005 could subject doctors to capital murder charges for performing late-term abortions or abortions on minors without their parents' consent.
State Affairs Chairman David Swinford, R-Amarillo, asked for the opinion, citing an analysis by a state prosecutors group that said murder prosecutions of doctors could be an "unintended consequence" of the law changes.
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Swinford said he disagrees with the interpretation by the Texas District and County Attorneys Association because there is no evidence that the Legislature intended such a result from changes it made to the law governing doctors' conduct last year.
He said the changes were intended to provide appropriate criminal penalties for a physician's failure to comply with restrictions on third-trimester abortions or to obtain the consent of a minor's parent, but "certainly not to subject a physician to prosecution for capital murder."
Connecting the dots
Shannon Edmonds, director of governmental relations for the prosecutors' group, believes a doctor could be charged with capital murder for performing a restricted abortion. He said, however, that he has heard of no such prosecutions.
Edmonds discovered the problem when he was looking at new criminal offenses enacted during the 2005 regular session.
"We started connecting the dots and that's where we ended up," said Edmonds.
When Republicans took control of the Texas House in 2003, they began enacting new restrictions on abortion. One of the first laws was the 2003 Prenatal Protection Act, which allows prosecutors to seek criminal charges when a fetus is killed by a violent attack. Capital murder charges were already possible for killing a child younger than 6.
Abortion rights advocates warned in 2003 that the act could be used to criminalize abortion, and the Legislature provided a defense for doctors performing a "lawful medical procedure."
Last year, lawmakers on the House floor attached two abortion-related amendments to a bill restructuring the Texas Medical Board, which licenses and disciplines doctors.
One prohibited physicians from performing an abortion on a minor without her parents' consent or a court order. The other banned third-trimester abortions except to save the life of the mother.
Amendments passed
The Senate accepted the amendments, and the bill became law Sept. 1.
Edmonds reasoned that because those two acts are no longer "lawful medical procedures," the defense in the Prenatal Protection Act no longer applies.
Joe Pojman, executive director of Texas Alliance for Life, lobbied for the amendments. He believes that the only crime a doctor could be charged with is violating the Occupations Code, a third-degree felony which carries a punishment range of two to 10 years in prison and up to a $10,000 fine.
The Texas Medical Association agrees with that analysis.
"The Legislature specifically established penalties when it passed the new law. Any physician who violates that law obviously should not be subject to capital punishment," said Brent Annear, a spokesman for the association.
Peggy Romberg, director of the Women's Health and Family Planning Association of Texas, said the issue needs to be resolved. "This could have a chilling effect on providers and could result in women not having the access they need at a crisis time in their life," she said.
janet.elliott@chron.com