several places that "al-Qaeda" originally referred to Bin Laden's guest house in Peshawar. The word simply means "the base", after all, so it probably just means that they used the guest house as a base. The origin of the name isn't really all that important though. It's easier to say "al-Qaeda" than to say "the group associated with Osama Bin Laden", so why not. Whether they call themselves that or not, I think it is clear that al-Qaeda is not the multi-national enterprise we have been told that it is, with "sleeper cells" and whatnot.
As for Bin Laden himself, not even the 9/11 Commission claims that he was the "mastermind" of the 9/11 attacks. At best he ran the camps where some of the hijackers had some brief training. The mastermind, according to the FBI and the Commission, was a man named Khalid Shaikh Mohammed. Mohammed was, according to the FBI, arrested in Pakistan in March 2003 (although Pakistani police reported that they killed him in September 2002, even giving detailed descriptions of how it happened). A picture of him, apparently from his arrest, shows him in a grumpy mood having a bad hair-day. Where he is held and what is going to happen to him is a bit unclear. I'm not entirely convinced myself that he really was the mastermind of those attacks. Mohammed is also, conveniently, the man who the FBI now alleges killed Daniel Pearl. Much of their story about Khalid Shaikh Mohammed appears to be fictitious. Meanwhile, the man who is sentenced to death in Pakistan for Pearl's murder, Omar Saed Sheikh, has completely disappeared from the "official" story, in which he figured prominently as Pearl's killer and one of Bin Laden's lieutenants for a while.
(some links on Khalid S. Mohammed:
http://www.btinternet.com/~nlpwessex/Documents/WATKSMarrest.htm)
There's a lot to be said about Omar Saed Sheikh, a highly interesting figure who on Oct 8, 2001 was named by the CNN as the man who wired $100,000 to Mohammed Atta before the attack, a money transfer that had already been established as the "smoking gun" connecting the hijackers to Bin Laden. Then, of course, the Times of India dropped its bombshell the day after, that the order to wire the money to Atta had been given by General Mahmood Ahmad, head of Pakistan's intelligence service, who was in Washington when the attacks happened (there are other indications, too, that Omar was indeed an asset of Pakistani intelligence). Guess what, Omar Saed immediately disappears from the story in Western media, General Ahmed is fired, and when Omar Saed resurfaces as Daniel Pearl's alleged killer he is said to be a "well-known kidnapper", and no word is mentioned about the money transfer or connection to the hijackers.
Khalid Shaikh Mohammed was named as "mastermind" in June 2002. So is Khalid an "al-Qaeda member"? Much of what we know (?) about him (we, the people that is) comes from former (?) CIA agent Bob Baer, who would later claim that Daniel Pearl was researching Khalid Shaikh Mohammed when he was kidnapped and killed (allegedly by the same Mohammed). Baer now claims that he was in fact aiding Pearl in his search for Mohammed, but he has given two very different stories:
"Thus are we faced with two alternate realities. In the quantum reality offered in Baer's book, Daniel Pearl is the dogged investigator who tracks down Baer for his story on Khalid, following it up on subsequent meetings with further queries of Baer, though neither has "anything new to add." Yet in the quantum reality offered to UPI, it is Baer who tracks down Pearl, and who subsequently becomes annoyed with Pearl's presumed disinterest in Baer's revelation—that is, until September 11, 2001."
(
http://www.onlinejournal.com/Special_Reports/123003Kupferberg/123003kupferberg.html)
Which, if any, story is true? According to the Wall Street Journal, Pearl was researching Richard Reid, the shoe bomber, and according to Bernard-Henri Lévi, who wrote the book "Who Killed Daniel Pearl?", he was researching the connections between "al-Qaeda" and Pakistan's notorious Inter Service Intelligence Directorate. I tend to believe Lévi on this one.
And so on. All in all, these people and their "al-Qaeda" are very murky to me. Bin Laden himself clearly has or has had a big involvement in the opium trade, some estimate his revenue from commissions on laundering opium money to have been a staggering $1 billion a year at some point. He also had close connections to Saudi intelligence - he has been called a protégé of Prince Turki Al-Faisal, who was head of Saudi intelligence at the time of the Afghan jihad and who is now Saudi ambassador to the UK. The relationship between Al-Faisal and Bin Laden is said to have been close at least until 9/11 2001. And of course, French intelligence sources claimed that the CIA station chief in Dubai met with Bin Laden in July, 2001 as he was hospitalized in the American hospital there. It is well known that Bin Laden needs dialysis treatment, and he reportedly usually receives it in Pakistani hospitals - there are reports that he was treated at a Pakistani hospital, guarded by Pakistani military, on 9/11.
I recommend this piece by Eric Margolis, written just after 9/11:
http://www.ericmargolis.com/archives/2001/09/pearl_harbor_ii.phpHe argues that it is "hard to believe" that Bin Laden could have planned or organized 9/11, and writes that "many intelligence people believe that Bin Laden, like the notorious abu Nidal, is merely a front for so far unseen groups". Among those "intelligence people" appears to be former head of foreign intelligence in the KGB, Leonid Shebarshin, who was stationed in Iran and Pakistan during the "Afghan jihad" and who is now a security analyst. He recently said in an interview with a Russian newspaper that Bin Laden used to work for the CIA, and that he "may still be working for them". (The interview was reprinted, in French, in the latest Réseau Voltaire, a French magazine, it is not available online for free. I have read it in pdf format). I would imagine that Shebarshin knows more about these things than most people, but who knows if he is being truthful.
All I can say is, the more I read about all this the less certain I am about anything.