The Paradox at the Pump
If oil prices are rising, why are gas prices falling?
By Daniel Gross
Posted Tuesday, Aug. 24, 2004, at 3:06 PM PT
Investors, traders, and American drivers are puzzled by a seeming paradox: The price of gas in the United States has been falling in recent weeks even as the price of crude oil has rocketed to historic highs. The two charts on the upper left-hand side of the Energy Information Administration's latest edition of This Week in Petroleum illustrate the conundrum. The price of a barrel of crude has been flirting with $50 while retail gas prices have dropped 19 cents from the record $2.06 per gallon price of early summer.
The diverging charts seem to defy rational explanation. If the price of the main input (crude oil) of a product (gasoline) is rising very rapidly, you'd expect the price of the product to rise, unless actors at different stages of the supply chain (refiners, distributors, gas station owners) decide to accept reduced profits. But it turns out the explanation for the dichotomy lies in the more or less rational functioning of markets.
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