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... for the loss of mileage described, and here's why--there's a limit to how much alcohol that can be added to gasoline without the addition of some comparatively expensive emulsifiers. That upper limit is about 11-12% by weight (about 10% by volume). Much beyond that, the alcohol causes stratification in the tank, separating out into layers of gasoline, alcohol and water.
You're right that ethanol has less fuel energy. That difference is roughly 11,500 BTU/lb for ethanol and depending upon grade, 16,600-17,200 BTU/lb for gasoline. Therefore, ethanol has just a squeak over two-thirds the fuel value of gasoline. For a full tank of fuel in the typical tank today (say 15 gallons), the substitution of gasohol (10% ethanol) for straight unleaded gasoline would be an effective change in total fuel value of roughly 3.5%. This would be reduced slightly because of the oxygenation of the fuel, providing more efficient combustion at slightly lower combustion temperatures. Let's say the difference is 3%. For a car normally getting 25 mpg, this change in fuel value would result in a directly proportional change of - 0.75 mpg.
No, something else is at work, I think, and there are a number of possibilities. The weather in many parts of the country has been colder and wetter than normal. This would increase the chance of water seeping into underground tanks, and would also require more warm-up time or more time running under enriched mixture. Mileage in cold weather can go down as low as a mile or two a gallon for the first mile.
Additionally, refineries change the blend of the gasoline according to season. More light volatiles in winter to encourage faster starting and less in summer to prevent vapor locking. Getting the wrong blend for conditions at the tail end of one season, or the beginning of another could cause some mileage problems, if the ambient temperatures weren't cooperating.
Note that no one mentions where they are, if the weather was noticeably different for the time of the prior fill-up, driving conditions (particularly time spent idling in traffic) or what fuels they normally buy.
There are so many variables in this that I wouldn't jump to conclusions. As for gasohol, the math just doesn't add up to several mpg difference.
Cheers.
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