http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=128490874New research suggests that misinformed people rarely change their minds when presented with the facts -- and often become even more attached to their beliefs. The finding raises questions about a key principle of a strong democracy: that a well-informed electorate is best.
We'd like to believe that most of what we know is accurate and that if presented with facts to prove we're wrong, we would sheepishly accept the truth and change our views accordingly.
A new body of research out of the University of Michigan suggests that's not what happens, that we base our opinions on beliefs and when presented with contradictory facts, we adhere to our original belief even more strongly.
The phenomenon is called backfire, and it plays an especially important role in how we shape and solidify our beliefs on immigration, the president's place of birth, welfare and other highly partisan issues. The article (actually a transcript) is primarily about John McCain and Arizona Governor Brewer's lies about the crime situation with immigrants in Arizona. In one example, Dana Milbank has noted the FBI website's indication that crime is down in Arizona, McCain responds with an individual case, pretending it shows a pattern. In other words, that facts are lies.
I'm on a Safe Streets committee where I live and have routine access to police officers and crime information including internal reports. Crime in my area is down. There used to be dozens of hookers, pimps and drug dealers in my neighbourhood and crack houses on every block. Now we're down to maybe six hookers, the pimps are all cowering in one bar, there's two drug dealers still extant (I've got footage of one so that isn't going to last too much longer) and the last crack house is probably going to be shut down next week.
Try telling that to some people. They claim the problem is worse, pointing to the four hookers standing on the one remaining corner where they've been able to manage to evade capture (by bolting into the nearby pimp bar).