Tunnel tech key to ending war in Gaza<
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"FROM radar to fibre optics and sweat, finding a workable method of unearthing the smuggling tunnels that connect Gaza to Egypt has become key to ending Israel's incursion.
The United States has promised Egypt US$33 million (S$49.1 million) of gear to detect the tunnels which Israel says are used to smuggle weapons, including the rockets that are fired regularly at Israel, as well as food and medicine.
Israel says it will not halt its offensive until it has guarantees that tunnel smuggling will end.
What technologies are likely to be deployed?
The Nazis buried microphones to detect prisoner escape bids during World War II, while Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) invented by the US to combat Viet Cong tunnels has been further developed by archaeologists.
Such methods and weirder ones, like sniffing for human sweat, remain the favourites of tunnel busters from Mexico to Northern Ireland.
Dr Lawrence Conyers of the University of Denver said GPR - in this case, dragging a radar behind a moving vehicle - is the best tunnel-detecting technology, especially for the sandy soil on the 14km-long Egypt-Gaza border.
"But it's not like turning on a metal detector and having it 'beep' when it finds things," he said. "Data processing and interpretation are needed."
Egyptian soldiers have reportedly been trained to use the US equipment, but it won't be easy: The soldier must learn how to collect the data while dragging the device behind a truck travelling at 30kmh, and process it on a laptop.
Israeli researchers have also developed a potentially revolutionary system which uses a fibre- optic cable that can detect and identify the most minute soil movements - and requires no expertise to operate.
"The advantage is that we can monitor 30km of fibre using only one computer and you don't need to go along the border because it's already buried underground," says Dr Assaf Klar of Israel's Technion Institute of Technology."
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