Apr 8, 2005
By Emad Mekay
WASHINGTON - World economic growth will slow this year to 3.1% because of rises in interest rates in the United States and the value of the euro, coupled with a slump in demand for exports from developing nations, the World Bank said in its annual forecast.
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The World Bank forecasts that increases in US interest rates and the effects of the 25% appreciation of the euro since February 2002 will continue to contribute to a slowing of gross domestic product (GDP) growth in the second half of 2004 and into 2005 in developed nations. GDP growth among high-income countries will ease to about 2.4% in 2005, it said.
Among the other risks facing the global economy is the possibility of an abrupt increase in interest rates, a further large and steep depreciation of the US dollar and a larger-than-anticipated hike in oil prices. This could trigger not only a significant global slowdown but potentially a world recession, warned the bank. "We should also keep in mind that current global financial imbalances pose risks - of disorderly exchange rate movements or of interest rate increases - that could threaten these gains," said Francois Bourguignon, the World Bank's chief economist. "Developing countries need to prepare themselves for adjustments, some of which could be sudden."
The report counted the US$666 billion US current account deficit, now equivalent to 5.6% of the US GDP, as a major threat to global growth. The deficit means that many developing countries are acquiring surpluses of foreign reserves. The World Bank warned that this excessive accumulation of foreign reserves could open those countries to risks associated with future exchange rates and fiscal costs. "As a result, high-reserve countries may need to re-evaluate the desirability and sustainability of continued reserve accumulation," the bank said. Foreign reserves held by developing countries grew by $378 billion in 2004 to an estimated $1.6 trillion - an all-time high. China held $610 billion while India held $125 billion and the Russian Federation $114 billion. ..........
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