General Discussion
Related: Editorials & Other Articles, Issue Forums, Alliance Forums, Region ForumsAusterity Excel error - was it on purpose?
The most influential "research" that Austerity proponents most commonly quote (Reinhart-Rogoff) has recently been found to contain a rookie Excel error. Under further scrutiny, more of the data has been found to have been cherry-picked.
But what about the spreadsheet itself? From what I've read (which may be incorrect, granted) Reinhart-Rogoff did not allow expert economists to see the spreadsheet upon which their report was based. This makes me suspicious. However, they did let a "rookie" economist access to the original spreadsheet. This rookie found the rookie spreadsheet error - when Reinhart-Rogoff did their averages, they left out 5 rows in their equation - which changed the entire results, and essentially destroyed their conclusions.
If I were Reinhart-Rogoff, I would have double- and triple-checked my work before I published. Granted, I would have focused on more "intellectual" aspects rather than simple Excel equations - but I would have checked those as well. The thing about Excel is that it is so user-friendly that all you have to do is click on the formula cell and it will OUTLINE the cells involved, in color-coded outlines!
So, it's not really a matter of reading the formula, but simply clicking on the formula cell and then looking at the spreadsheet and VOILA! the error would be frickin' OBVIOUS!
Further, this begs the question "why were the game-changing examples congregated at the bottom of the rows, so that they could so easily be excluded"?
so WHY was a "rookie" given access to find such a rookie mistake? Especially when it was denied to those considered more "expert" in the field? Perhaps they thought he would be over-whelmed by the data? Perhaps they thought he could be easily discredited - although such an obvious rookie error could hardly be discredited.
Perhaps they wanted to be caught. After all, they had whatever funding they wanted - although surely they knew that after the mistake was found their reputations would be ruined and the funding would dry up.
But does it really matter? The fact is that Austerity has been discredited - both in Models and in Reality.
daleo
(21,317 posts)Nobody would make this kind of error by accident.
JanMichael
(24,881 posts)I always back check my own calculations and when it involves serious issues I send he results to people I know that are statistical gods compared to me. That way a simple stupid error never gets loose.
That is why I think they are either bald faced liars OR ignorant fools and tools that should send their degrees back in shame to their alma maters as they are obvious frauds.
FogerRox
(13,211 posts)The kicker with R&R is that they didn't use bad (0+ / 0-)
data. Their data was fine for their purposes. But it's what they did to the data that made them wrong.
They combined results from countries that had fiat currencies with countries that do not control their own money supply.
They used an arbitrary and bizarre weighting system that weighted small countries that confirmed theri conclusions much more heavily than large countries which didn't.
They ignored the "correlation doesn't equal causality" caveat and worse, they assumed an illogical causal chain:
High debt to GDP ratios => economic recession rather than the more logical economic recession => greater debt.
THEN they made the infamous "Excel coding" which just happened to leave out data that would have affected their conclusion.
by dallasdunlap on Mon Apr 22, 2013 at 10:40:37 AM EDT
Demeter
(85,373 posts)But it does explain a lot...the belief in fairies, etc., which dominates modern economic "theory" and ideology.
Warpy
(111,222 posts)and yes, it smacks of being entirely on purpose since a lot of their other data appears to have been cherry picked.
I am delighted he wasn't as loyal as they thought he was.
reformist2
(9,841 posts)dipsydoodle
(42,239 posts)jmowreader
(50,546 posts)You don't need a spreadsheet to prove austerity doesn't work; all you need do is look at history. There is not one case in history where applying austerity measures didn't reduce the economy. If you are looking at too energetic of an economy, short periods of austerity can throttle it back to rational levels. Applying austerity to a contracted economy makes it worse.
Now, austerity has a purpose for the rich. If you are a developer who wants to build homes in a national park, you might want to get the congressman you own to throw on some austerity. When austerity then ruins the economy, suggest the government could make money by selling federal land.(This is happening in the West.)
Real life case study: Greece. Its problems have three origins. First is near-universal corruption. Second is near-universal tax evasion.(When people refer to tax evasion as the national sport you know you're screwed.) And the last is austerity. Corruption and evasion got them to the point where they tried austerity...and when it didn't work they tried it again... The ultimate cure for Greece's woes would be to get rid of austerity, deport every politician in the country to an island (think "Escape From New York" and replace them with Harvard poli sci students, and ship over every Greek-speaking IRS auditor we have. But they won't do that.
markpkessinger
(8,392 posts). . . based on the economic history of our own and many other countries, this tudy should have been met with considerable skepticism at the outset. I mean, we had a considerably higher debt-to-GDP ratio at the end of WWII, but it surely doesn't appear to have stood in the way of a huge economic expansion in the pot-war era. And under NO circumstances should governments be basing economic policy decisions upon the results of a single, unreplicated study. My hypothesis is that the 0.1% accepted its findings, no questions asked, because it fit rather nicely with their own agenda of keeping their taxes obscenely low.
Lithos
(26,403 posts)One born out by people seeing what they want to see. It is harder to see fault in things you want to see.
However, says a lot in their professionalism and academic credentials that they did not open up their model for full peer review prior to publication.
L-
jazzimov
(1,456 posts)because I know from experience that if you overlook an error once, you'll tend to overlook it every time.
Which is why peer review is so important.
Unless you're trying to hide something.
Scuba
(53,475 posts)... and it was Acorn that rigged the election for Obama, the Koch brothers are philanthropists (they gave millions to the arts!!!), Paul Ryan is a "numbers wonk" and your "proof" will be lost in a sea of bought-and-paid-for media pundits crying that only austerity can save us!!!
The fact this flawed study was used by so many to steal so much without any peer review is prima facie evidence of the power of the oligarchs.
truebluegreen
(9,033 posts)On the Road
(20,783 posts)there would be a possibility of a genuine mistake. This is one of the most common errors with the Sum function in Excel.
What convinces me it was deliberate is the funky method of averaging years, which weights a long stable period in a particular "band" as equivalent to a single year in that band. This is not something anyone with a grasp of high school math would think is an accurate way of averagaing. And it just *happens* to reinforce the authors' point.
The errors in the Reinhart-Rogoff study appear to me to be a result of attempting to arrive at a number at all costs. It happens -- which is why some type of peer review is so valuable.
Ruby the Liberal
(26,219 posts)specifically excluded nations who did not suffer economic downturns during times of high debt/budget deficits.
Which was the whole POINT of their study. It was justification for austerity - and has been cited as proof-positive, A-grade, un-challengeable evidence for neo-cons for eons.
And. They. Lied.
FogerRox
(13,211 posts)The kicker with R&R is that they didn't use bad (0+ / 0-)
data. Their data was fine for their purposes. But it's what they did to the data that made them wrong.
They combined results from countries that had fiat currencies with countries that do not control their own money supply.
They used an arbitrary and bizarre weighting system that weighted small countries that confirmed theri conclusions much more heavily than large countries which didn't.
They ignored the "correlation doesn't equal causality" caveat and worse, they assumed an illogical causal chain:
High debt to GDP ratios => economic recession rather than the more logical economic recession => greater debt.
THEN they made the infamous "Excel coding" which just happened to leave out data that would have affected their conclusion.
by dallasdunlap on Mon Apr 22, 2013 at 10:40:37 AM EDT
Ruby the Liberal
(26,219 posts)Thanks for bringing it over.
Ruby the Liberal
(26,219 posts)who likely didn't feel empowered to double check the work of the high and mighty - they just typed up what they were told to type up.
I am loving that Dr Krugman is having such a field day with this.
CTyankee
(63,900 posts)bless him...glad we have him in our time of need...
Ruby the Liberal
(26,219 posts)on whose "job" it was to peer review this disaster.
Vindication.
La Lioness Priyanka
(53,866 posts)truebluegreen
(9,033 posts)These cretins don't give a fig about the truth, they only care about their own ideology. At best, they made some boneheaded errors but disregarded them because the end result fit their pre-conceived ideas.
killbotfactory
(13,566 posts)Victor_c3
(3,557 posts)is make your data match your results!
You know what you are supposed to get and, unless you want to do it all over again or get a crappy grade, fudge the numbers you got from your chemistry lab to make it work out like it is supposed to!
So yup, it was done on purpose.
Recursion
(56,582 posts)I could see the rows being an actual error (possibly), but the way they weighted bins, so that 20 years of high growth/high debt in the UK is balanced by 1 year of low growth/high debt in NZ, was absolutely deliberate.
pa28
(6,145 posts)I can't think of a better example (or a more effective one) of trading on credentials to manufacture agreement for your own conclusion.
This whole episode really helps explain the unbelievable smugness of decision makers and pundits who all seemed to agree that austerity was the only serious answer. Anybody who happened to disagree was considered to be something beyond just marginal. I think the best word would be ignorant.
Ignorant because they did not have the "numbers" or the "facts" and any alternative solution they might have was not even worthy of discussion.
We had a purposeful deception here and moving forward just remember there are dozens of lavishly funded think tanks out there who are perfectly willing to parse and bend data in the same way to support the same flawed conclusions.